【say的用法和句型】“say”是一个非常常见的动词,表示“说、讲、说出”等意思。在英语中,它不仅用于直接引语,还可以用于间接引语,同时有多种不同的句型结构。掌握“say”的不同用法和句型,有助于提高英语表达的准确性和多样性。
一、say的基本用法
1. 表示“说”或“讲”
- 用于直接引语:I say, “I am tired.”
- 用于间接引语:He said that he was tired.
2. 表示“认为”或“觉得”(常用于间接引语)
- She says she is fine.
- They say the movie is very good.
3. 表示“声称”或“断言”(带有一定主观性)
- He says he didn’t do it.
- The company says they will launch a new product next month.
4. 表示“暗示”或“表明”(常用于口语中)
- His tone says everything.
- Her eyes say she’s lying.
二、常见句型结构
句型结构 | 例句 | 说明 |
say + 直接引语 | He said, “I love you.” | 用于直接引用别人说的话 |
say + that 引导的从句 | She said that she would come. | 用于间接引语,表达他人的观点或信息 |
say + 宾语 + 动词不定式 | I said him to leave. | 表示对某人提出建议或要求(较正式) |
say + 宾语 + doing | She said me waiting for her. | 表示对某人正在进行的动作进行评价或描述 |
say + 宾语 + that 引导的从句 | He said me that he was sorry. | 表示对某人传达的信息或情感 |
say + 名词/代词 | He said nothing. | 表示没有说话或没有回应 |
三、say的常见搭配与固定表达
- say something about:对……发表意见
- He said something about the weather.
- say no to:拒绝
- She said no to the offer.
- say yes to:同意
- They said yes to the proposal.
- say hello/goodbye:打招呼/告别
- I said hello to my teacher.
- say it again:再说一遍
- Can you say it again?
- say nothing:保持沉默
- He said nothing during the meeting.
四、注意事项
1. 时态变化:
- 在间接引语中,“say”通常要根据主句的时态进行调整,如:
- He said (that) he was tired.
- He says (that) he is tired.
2. 语态使用:
- “say”是及物动词,后面需要接宾语,不能单独使用。
- ❌ He say.
- ✅ He says something.
3. 语气和态度:
- 根据上下文,“say”可以表达不同的语气,如:
- He says it as if he knows everything.(讽刺)
- She says it with a smile.(温和)
总结
“say”作为英语中最常用的动词之一,具有丰富的用法和多样的句型结构。无论是直接引语还是间接引语,或是表达观点、态度、情绪,都可以通过“say”来实现。掌握其基本用法和常见句型,有助于更自然、地道地使用英语。
项目 | 内容 |
基本含义 | 说、讲、表达、认为 |
常见句型 | say + 直接引语 / that从句 / 宾语+不定式 / 宾语+doing |
搭配短语 | say something about / say no to / say yes to / say hello / say it again |
注意事项 | 时态变化、语态使用、语气表达 |
希望这篇总结能帮助你更好地理解和运用“say”的各种用法和句型。